K-State’s Ecology and Agriculture Spatial Analysis Laboratory EASAL) produces weekly Vegetation Condition Report maps. These maps can be a valuable tool for making crop selection and marketing decisions.
The objective of these reports is to provide users with a means of assessing the relative condition of crops and grassland. The maps can be used to assess current plant growth rates, as well as comparisons to the previous year and relative to the 26-year average. The report is used by individual farmers and ranchers, the commodities market, and political leaders for assessing factors such as production potential and drought impact across their state.
NOTE TO READERS: The maps below represent a subset of the maps available from the EASAL group. If you’d like digital copies of the entire map series please contact Nan An at nanan@ksu.edu and we can place you on our email list to receive the entire dataset each week as they are produced. The maps are normally first available on Wednesday of each week, unless there is a delay in the posting of the data by EROS Data Center where we obtain the raw data used to make the maps. These maps are provided for free as a service of the Department of Agronomy and K-State Research and Extension.
The maps in this issue of the newsletter show the current state of photosynthetic activity in Kansas, the Corn Belt, and the continental U.S., with comments from Mary Knapp, assistant state climatologist:
Figure 1. The Vegetation Condition Report for Kansas for August 4 – 17 from K-State’s Ecology and Agriculture Spatial Analysis Laboratory shows that the highest biomass production is, as typical, in eastern Kansas. The high level of photosynthetic activity in the Republican River Valley is clearly visible, while the highest NDVI values are in Brown and Doniphan counties along the Missouri River Valley. Favorable soil moisture and moderate temperatures have favored biomass production in these areas.
Figure 2. Compared to the previous year at this time for Kansas, the current Vegetation Condition Report for August 4 – 17 from K-State’s Ecology and Agriculture Spatial Analysis Laboratory shows parts of central and south central Kansas have lower photosynthetic activity. These areas did not have as much moisture in recent weeks as counties farther west. In contrast the North Central Division has had more favorable conditions this year. Moderate temperatures and favorable moisture have resulted in high photosynthetic activity.
Figure 3. Compared to the 26-year average at this time for Kansas, this year’s Vegetation Condition Report for August 4 – 17 from K-State’s Ecology and Agriculture Spatial Analysis Laboratory shows that most of the state has at or above-average photosynthetic activity. The North Central and Northeastern Divisions have the greatest level of above-average activity. This continues to be due to a combination of favorable growing conditions and delayed crop development. This delay means more of the vegetation is currently in its most active growth period, rather than the reduced activity that comes as the crop matures.
Figure 4. The Vegetation Condition Report for the Corn Belt for August 4 – 17 from K-State’s Ecology and Agriculture Spatial Analysis Laboratory shows that the greatest level of photosynthetic activity is concentrated from northeastern Nebraska through Iowa, southern Minnesota, and into Illinois. Favorable moisture conditions have resulted in high photosynthetic activity. In Iowa, corn is rated as 83 percent good to excellent, while soybeans are 77 percent good to excellent.
Figure 5. The comparison to last year in the Corn Belt for the period for August 4 – 17 from K-State’s Ecology and Agriculture Spatial Analysis Laboratory shows much of the region has lower photosynthetic activity this year. Cooler and wetter weather has influenced plant development.
Figure 6. Compared to the 26-year average at this time for the Corn Belt, this year’s Vegetation Condition Report for August 4 – 17 from K-State’s Ecology and Agriculture Spatial Analysis Laboratory shows most of the region has average biomass production. Indiana stands out with lower NDVI values. Warm, dry weather has stressed crops in the state.
Figure 7. The Vegetation Condition Report for the U.S for August 4 – 17 from K-State’s Ecology and Agriculture Spatial Analysis Laboratory shows that the highest level of photosynthetic activity is centered in the Upper Midwest. Lower NDVI values are noticeable in the Southeastern U.S., particularly in Georgia and South Carolina and the tip of Florida, where drought conditions continue to intensify.
Figure 8. The U.S. comparison to last year at this time for the period August 4 – 17 from K-State’s Ecology and Agriculture Spatial Analysis Laboratory shows that lower NDVI values are most evident from northern Missouri through western Pennsylvania. In the west, higher NDVI values are visible in Northern California, but the values quickly decrease as you move into Oregon. Rains in the early summer were heavier on the California side of the border. This does not mark an end to the intense drought in this region.
Figure 9. The U.S. comparison to the 26-year average for the period August 4 – 17 from K-State’s Ecology and Agriculture Spatial Analysis Laboratory shows that the West continues to have lower-than-normal photosynthetic activity, while the greatest increase in NDVI values is in the Central Plains. There is also an area of below-normal NDVI values from Indiana along the lower Great Lakes to upstate New York into New England. This marks an area of expanding moisture stress.
